BIO (2024)

BIO: Pesach Steinberg is a community Rabbi in Melbourne Australia and is married with five daughters and two sons-in-law. He is involved in the kashrut industry, is a prison chaplain, author & publisher, sits on industry boards for ethics in human research, has worked in Synagogue administration and has been the Rabbi of a Synagogue. He graduated from Mount Scopus College and Monash University and received semicha from HaRav Zalman Nechemiah Goldberg zt’l. Pesach is also the Australian Ambassador for Sar-El Israel, which places volunteers on IDF bases throughout Israel. (as at 1/1/24)

Monday, February 19, 2024

Terumah - If they build it, He will come. Swift too!

What is the point of all the dimensions of the Mishkan and also the utensils and even the aron hakodesh? Given that we have had several updates to our place of worship and dwelling place for God throughout the millennia... the Mishkan, Temple 1, Temple 2, Synagogues, Shtibels, etc, essentially the layout and environment are unchanged. We started off with a blueprint infrastructure but with years of service as precedent we are developing our places of worship into something that we are more comfortable with, where we feel we can better connect with God but still retain ideological historical manifestations that made us what we are in the first place. We are traditional yet mobile and thoughtfully functional at the same time. 

And in any case what is the purpose of the building? It is often referred to as a dwelling place for God. But more importantly these days we refer to it as a house of worship. So these two ideas are both correct and yet both are incomplete, each lacking an essential quality. When the idea of Synagogues and a place to read Torah on regular occasions were first developed by Ezra and Nehemiah, they developed what was a Bet Knesset - a house of meeting. This is the essential element. In parshat Terumah, God says to build for me a holy place (mishkan) and I will dwell among them (ve'shachanti betocham). It is not a place for God simply to dwell. It is a place where God and the Jewish people can communicate with each other. Where we can meet with God and have a relationship. All sorts of relationships have all sorts of foundations and structures and it is preferable to start off any relationship with 'the best foot forward', in the right way. So we are given lots of details in the beginning but as we live and learn and grow, our relationship and style of meeting also grows in the right way.

So this is why building the right kind of forum is also important to bring people together. The MCG is a fantastic stadium and spectacle and place for 100,000 people to sit comfortably amongst each other, with everyone safely having their own space. And because of that, Taylor Swift will come and perform in front of them and it will be a place where she can dwell among them (please excuse the comparison) and she can do her act and perform with the best exposure any kind of setting could possibly offer. Likewise the fans in the arena will have a great experience and everyone feeling like they were close to her, feeling a great feeling. The acoustics are good, the visuals are good, the atmosphere is good, so functionally the building and those that are similar should provide a good meeting place for all parties concerned.

On a tangential idea, the idea of Terumah also is the best way forward, 'putting the best foot first'. The Jewish people have come out of centuries of enslavement to a bad culture and are newly embarked on a freedom unlike any which has ever existed in history. A freedom where we are only responsible to God who wants us to have freedom in the correct way. As we know, with all freedom comes responsibility. After catastrophically leaving behind our masters of servitude, we were put through a washing machine, like a mikvah which cleansed us in the Yam Suf. We came out the other side fighting, and taking on a big journey, an uphill battle to meet our creator. Then we are given many laws, some we understand and some we do not, but we accept them and will look into them further with some time and hindsight, but accept them nonetheless. We need to set up a system of judiciary so that all our internal issues can be sorted out fairly, and now we come to the idea that in any society we have to be mindful to think of others before ourselves. We have to look after our leaders who are only engaged in helping us. We have to look after our spiritual needs and our poor. We need to put something aside to educate our children, to defend ourselves and treat our bodies with assistance when necessary, and build the buildings we need for all these requirements. An underpinning of any society is tzedakah - charity, and it goes hand in hand with all the other infrastructure in our life. Giving the terumah - the contribution, the donation, is vital for continued success for the ideas we embrace as the most important in our lives.

Now comes the most vital understanding of Terumah. Inside the word Terumah is 'rom' - high, uplift. In everything we do in our lives, all the mundane activities can become uplifted because we give a proportion to something important. It brings meaningfulness to everything we do and nothing is mundane anymore. When we earn our living, and it's not easy, all we have to do is remember that part of what we do is for what many of us consider to be the highest honour - of coming closer to God... by looking after those around us. 

And this brings us back to the idea of whether we need all the exact dimensions of the mishkan and utensils. Giving us those ideas helps build within our own minds the idea of proportion, and that all our activities are all related to each other. And because they're all related it means that nothing is mundane and everything can be holy when we do it in the right way.

Good Shabbos.

Sunday, February 4, 2024

Yitro - How many mitzvot in the "Decalogue"?

It is interesting that Christians have a slightly different 'Decalogue' (Ten Commandments) to the Jewish people. 
The Jewish #1 is "I am God", which Christians do not have. 
The Jewish #2 is "You shall have no other God before Me". 
From my limited research the Christians also split up their pesukim/sentences of their 10 commandments differently to the Jewish tradition. This is just a point of curiosity, but it also springboards into the following idea of how many mitzvot/commandments there are in the Torah.

Note that the first 2 commandments are in 'first person' - I and Me. But then the next 8 commandments are in third person (e.g. "Do not use God's name in vain"). This lends plausibility to the midrash that the first 2 commandments were given by God Himself directly to the Jewish people, and then as the midrash goes, the Jewish people were unable to withstand God's personal instruction and therefore the job for the 8 were given to Moses, thus being in the third person.

You will also note that each of the Jewish 10 Commandments listed in the Torah have an unusual gap, or pause, before and after each other which gives great emphasis to the Jewish masoretic tradition that these are the 10 commandments. 

For centuries there has been dispute over the number and particulars of the mitzvot in the 10 commandments. In fact there has been dispute over the 613 mitzvot said to be contained in the Torah - 248 negative and 365 positive - some say corresponding to the muscles and bones in the body respectively. Rambam noted that there are actually 15 primary commandments, not just 10. He is also the one to give the strongest case for 613 mitzvot in the Torah. However, this number 613 seems to have an element of randomness to it, as it not a number specifically mentioned in the Torah, neither is a source identified in midrash. Rather it is perhaps a subjective count by the best Jewish commentators throughout the millennia. Some say more, some say less, but all agree 613 is a fair approximation nonetheless.

Abarbanel gives a very interesting background to 613 mitzvot, found in the Meditations on the Torah by Jacobson.

Remember, the first 2 mitzvot of the 10 Commandments were given by God. The next 8 were from Moses on behalf of God.

In Deuteronomy 33,4 is the famous pasuk "Torah tzivah lanu Moshe...", which means the Torah was commanded (or taught) to us by Moshe. Children sing this phrase everyday in their morning prayers at Orthodox Jewish schools throughout the world. 

So what was commanded, or taught, to us by Moshe? The answer is of course "Torah". And the word Torah has a gematria (numerology) of 611. Therefore it can be inferred that Moses taught to us 611 of the mitzvot. 

How many laws were taught to us by God? The answer is 2. Those are the 2 at the beginning of the 10 commandments, and as mentioned, the only 2 taught directly to us specifically by God.

So... 
611 commandments from Moshe in the Torah
+ 2 from God in the 10 commandments
= 613 mitzvot in total.

Good Shabbos!
 

Beshalach

3 DAYS
It was 3 days without water from Yam Suf to Marah. Water is mayim and we have an idea that Torah is mayim chayim - the waters of life. Thus to symbolise that we should never be too far from reading Torah, in these times we do not go more than 3 days when reading the Torah - Monday-Thursday-Shabbat. Always making sure that Torah is part of a regimen.

LIFE IS THE JOURNEY
No matter where they stopped and who was chasing them, the lesson is clear... it is not about the destination, it is about the journey... and in all this, God.
The fall to Egypt 
Coming face to face with reality
Realisation that God's work is in everything, never forget.
Living in paradise turns into slavery
How hard it is to extricate yourself from your comfort zone
The upheavals required in your life to make the change
Celebrating the change
Change can occur in the middle of the night
The people who set you up as your owners pursue you
Fire at night to help you
Clouds in the day to protect you
Driven to the precipice and needing Emunah for that leap of faith
Taking the leap and realising hope is not lost
Crossing the great rift
With faith, your troubles drown in their own superficiality behind you
Once you cross, just remember there can be strife on the other side.
You need reminders to push forward and defeat unwarranted poor conduct.
WIth a journey you can reach the Mountain of God
The mountain of God is nothing without bringing inside everything you have just learnt.
There are always people to help and assist you.
Build your foundations, and overcome external noises, for a prosperous future.


(I have been feeling a little bit depressed lately, but all g)